Hi @Sagebiel,
What you are seeking to do is definitely possible. I will try to show a few examples below. TLDR, .equals()
may be what you are looking for:
Check if specimen is Male or Female
If the specimen is male, show
. If female, show 
($F{1,93.collectionobjectattribute.text1}.equals("Male")?"\u2642":"") + ($F{1,93.collectionobjectattribute.text1}.equals("Female")?"\u2640":"")
Check if month is equal to a particular value
Displays “Jan”, “Feb” etc depending on what the month is
($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear}==null?"":($F{1,10.collectingevent.endDateNumericYear}==null?(($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("1")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Jan":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("2")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Feb":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("3")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Mar":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("4")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Apr":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("5")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-May":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("6")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Jun":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("7")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Jul":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("8")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Aug":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("9")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "- Sept":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("10")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Oct":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("11")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Nov":"") + ($F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericMonth}.equals("12")?$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-Dec":"")):$F{1,10.collectingevent.startDateNumericYear} + "-" + $F{1,10.collectingevent.endDateNumericYear}))
Further reference: https://community.jaspersoft.com/forums/topic/64172-how-to-do-string-comparison-in-condition/